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Intrinsic versus extrinsic foot muscles
Intrinsic versus extrinsic foot muscles







intrinsic versus extrinsic foot muscles intrinsic versus extrinsic foot muscles intrinsic versus extrinsic foot muscles

Methods to estimate toe flexor muscle strength include the paper grip test, plantar pressure, toe dynamometry, and the intrinsic positive test. There is no widely accepted method of measuring intrinsic foot muscle strength. Literature was sourced from database searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, PEDro and CINAHL up to June 2012. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the anatomy and role of intrinsic foot muscles, implications of intrinsic weakness and evaluate the different methods used to measure intrinsic foot muscle strength. However, to establish a relationship between intrinsic muscle weakness and foot pathology, an objective measure of intrinsic muscle strength is needed. Intrinsic foot muscle weakness has been implicated in a range of foot deformities and disorders.









Intrinsic versus extrinsic foot muscles